INTERNET-ON-A-DISK #48, October 2001

The newsletter of electronic texts and Internet trends.

edited by Richard Seltzer seltzer@samizdat.com, www.samizdat.com

Permission is granted to freely distribute this newsletter in electronic form for non-commercial use. All other rights reserved.

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Table of Contents

Off-the-Wall Ideas

Etexts -- Articles --

Off the Wall Ideas

You Can't Take It With You. com, a business airline with no luggage and no carry-ons

by Richard Seltzer, seltzer@samizdat.com

If you are looking to start a new business and have maybe $100 million to spare, consider starting a new airline. The existing airlines all play the game by the same rules, and all are in bad shape, some near bankruptcy, and all waiting around for the government to bail them out. That means that people and assets are available at low cost, and opportunities are great for those not constrained by the old business models.

For instance, imagine an airline that caters to business passengers, focuses on routes highly travelled by such passengers (such as Boston-New York-Washington), and that allows no luggage and no carry-ons. That approach should greatly simplify security checks (only what's in your pockets) -- saving the business traveller as much as two hours in getting on the plane (and time is very precious to the business traveller); as well as patently the flight safer than ordinary luggage-laden flights. The safety could be both a marketing differentiator and a cost reducer -- the airline should pay less for insurance. Additional time could be saved in boarding and getting off planes because there are no carry-ons stored in racks over the seats. The airline would not have to carry the overhead of baggage handlers and baggage space and baggage-handling vehicles and equipment at the airport. For starters, the planes would fly lighter without baggage, reducing fuel cost. Longer-term, planes could be refitted with space for passengers and/or business meetings where luggage is now held.

Many business passengers fly and return the same day, and hence don't need luggage. Others just stay over one night, and could readily buy new clothing at their destination; or if they travel to the same destination regularly, could keep a change of clothing in a locker, or have it stored by a laundry or hotel or car rental company that they use regularly. They could access documents that they need for meetings on the Web or through email, using systems at their destination, rather than carting around brief cases full of paper or laptops.

Consider, too, opportunities in other established industries that suddenly open up when you:


Books, stories, poems, and artwork available for free in the Readers' Room and Writers' Showcase at B&RSamizdat Express www.samizdat.com/readers.html

Fiction by Michael Seltzer

The Eyes of a Child, a short story by Michael Seltzer

Life, the complete text of a new novel by Michael Seltzer. Rianoc, a demon from Hell, wants to live, but he doesn't know what life is. With the aid of a tormented soul named Jennifer, he sets out on a quest to find Earth, and figure out what life is about. Satan and his fallen angels, who rule the work-a-day demons of Hell through ignorance, use all their powers to stop him. But when Rianoc escapes, and inadvertently opens a portal to Earth, they use that portal to invade Earth, and Heaven's armies rush to block them. With the help of Jennifer, Rianoc learns about life on Earth, while Heaven and Hell wage war for the second time. Feedback welcome. Also, please let us know if you know of an editor/publisher who might be interested in this work. seltzer@samizdat.com

Behind Locked Windows, a novel in three parts. Part One (a self-contained story) is posted here, together with chapter one of Part Two. If you'd like him to post the rest, and/or are interested in seeing his second novel (Life), please let me know. Feedback welcome. You can contact the author at: Michael Seltzer, 213 Deerfield Lane, Orange, CT 06477. or seltzer@samizdat.com

Art and fiction by Rex Sexton

Rex Sexton is a Surrealist painter represented by Gruen Gallery, Chicago, Illinois since 1986. His art has been televised on PBS, written about in newspapers, reproduced in magazines, and included in national and international exhibitions. They are a prominent part of numerous private and corporate collections. Throughout his career, the artist has also published an extensive body of Poe-like stories and poems. Desert Flower is a noir novel set in the Badlands of South Dakota. A hustler Indian and a roadhouse beauty (Desert Flower) team up for a drugs and money heist against local gangsters. Desert is as lethal as she is alluring. Greenleaf is an ex-con drifter who falls into her trap. The dark tale of their destiny is a journey through a nightmare.

Poetry by Diane Croft Fiction by Roberta Kalechofsky Fiction and poetry by Helen Seltzer

Books for pennies a piece on CD ROM

We are making classic books available on CD ROM, selected and organized in an easy-to-use, well-indexed format. These CDs are designed for PCs, not Macs.

Our American Literature CD currently contains 379 books. At a price of $29, that amounts to less than 8 cents per book. We will continue to add new books to this CD as they become available. You can see the current contents on the Web at  www.samizdat.com/amlitcd.html.

Our Children's Books CD currently contains 200 books. At a price of $29, that amounts to about 15 cents per book. You can see the current contents on the Web at www.samizdat.com/childcd.html

Our British Literature CD currently contains 722 books. At a price of $29, that amounts to about 4 cents per book. You can see its current table of contents at www.samizdat.com/britlitcd.html

We are now assembling other CDs in this same format and at the same price for World Literature in the Original and in English Translation, and History/Science/Technology/Reference, etc. If you prefer, we can also provide books on demand by email or on 3-1/2" diskette, for $10 per diskette. Any of the books included on the CDs are available for that service. You can contact us at seltzer@samizdat.com

We will continuously add books to our CDs as they become available over the Internet. Our online table of contents pages will indicate the dates when particular new books are added. If you buy a CD at the retail price of $29, you have the right to buy an upgraded version of the same CD for just $10, a maximum of four times per year. The "upgraded" version will contain all the texts, not just the new ones. For a list of recent updates, see www.samizdat.com/cdupdate.html



Renascence Editions http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~rbear/ren.htm

Richard Bear, a professor at the University of Oregon has made available for free on the Web a wealth of Renaissance texts -- many carefully, professionally edited by him and presented attractively in HTML format. He calls it "An Online Repository of Works Printed in English Between the Years 1477 and 1799." The collection includes the complete works of Edmund Spenser and numerous works that previously would have been very hard to find anywhere but in the best university libraries. (With his permission, we've included plain-text versions of these works on our British Literature CD, described above).

Christian Ethereal Classics Libra http://www.ccel.org

This site specializes in "classic Christian" books in electronic format. Like with the Gutenberg Project, texts here are entered, proofread by volunteers. Unlike Gutenberg, here texts are presented in HTML format, rather than plain text. Many are short enough to read on the screen.
Classic Christian books in electronic format, selected for your edification. To the best of their knowledge, all their texts are int he public domain in the US (unless otherwise specified). If you are looking for books about the Christian religion or by religious figures, this is the site to check first.


Cyberwinds -- which way are the winds of change blowing?

by Richard Seltzer, seltzer@samizdat.com, www.samizdat.com

From January to March, I wrote a book for Wiley, entitled Web Business Boot Camp. The book covers all aspects of Web business, giving practical hands-on advice for managers, helping them get a feel for what is possible and encouraging them to get their hands dirty, actually creating and promoting Web pages themselves, instead of depending on experts. I would have loved to have pushed a button to make that text available to the world the day I finished the writing.

The book should be in stores in December or January, but meanwhile the Web business environment has changed enormously.

Fortunately, the causes, direction, and pace of change were important themes in the book. And I frequently emphasized that not all of the useful services described in the book were likely to survive; and, whenever possible, I mentioned alternatives and provided instructions for what to do if any of these services went away.

To get a sense of how much the world of Internet business has changed in the last six months, here's a quick update on some of the sites recommended in the book.

Business is tough out there. The winds are blowing strong and they keep changing direction. What's free today may soon cost you. Sources of revenue, like affiliate programs, may be very slow in paying or may just go away without warning. And the service you count on today, may disappear tomorrow. But new alternatives keep appearing -- with creative technology and business models. You have to stay alert and flexible -- keeping you eye out for new services to add, both to replace what is going away and also to expand your business, helping you to better serve your customers.


Redesign your site for the post-Minda era -- browsing behavior is changing; users have turned off java and active scripts

by Richard Seltzer, seltzer@samizdat.com, www.samizdat.com

The long-term impact of new kinds of computer viruses comes not so much from the damage done to individual machines, or disruption of normal business activities, but rather through the ways we change our behavior to reduce the risk of future problems of a similar kind.

Hence, we, by habit, delete email messages with executable attachments or with any attachments at all, unless we are positive who sent them and what the attachment is designed to do. And we don't presume that the name in the from: line is in fact the sender.

Now, the Minda worm changes our behavior yet again. It not only propagates through email attachments, like Code Red, but also by way of infected Web sites. We can infect our systems simply by browsing -- unless we have changed the settings on our browser. Yes, all the major sites have fixed their server software and now have patches in place to defend against that particular worm. But now we have been alerted that viruses can propagate in this new way, and we can expect that other related worms will appear that bypass the current fixes and pose a similar threat. Hence -- whether by edict from corporate security departments, or simply taking obvious personal defensive measures -- we are going to keep defensive browser settings, which will change how we experience the Web and also should lead Web sites that want us as visitors to change their designs.

In particular, Internet security companies recommended disabling scripting. For instance, in its NIMDA UPdate for 9/18/2001, TruSecure recommended "Disable Java scripting and active scripting at desktop level -- all zones. (setting security to High should work, but additionally disabling active scripting is protective)." http://www.trusecure.com/html/tspub/hypeorhot/rxalerts/tsa01024b_cid179.shtml  (Ironically, TrueSecure uses scripts on the very pages that provide that warning :-)

In other words, from now on, you can expect that large numbers of Internet users (particularly knowledgeable and corporate users) will not see your dynamic java-script or active script pages the way you intended them to be seen, or will be repeatedly delayed with annoying prompts at every page at your site.

Strangely, many corporate sites use dynamic pages even for content that is basically static -- text that remains constant for months at a time. Their Web environment often seems to be dictated by the publication tool they have chosen, rather than by any business purpose. In the past, that approach seemed bizarre and self-destructive because it got in the way of their pages being found by search engines -- reducing their traffic and hence their revenue. Now it is even more important that such companies re-evaluate the business impact of their site design -- not just its aesthetics and usability and how well it conforms with branding rules.

If they want to be sure that their potential customers can see/read their pages, they should have a simple static version of their content.  At the very least, as a stop gap, they should seriously consider creating static HTML pages that are identical in look and feel (and brand) to their current dynamic pages. Then they should consider using this opportunity to add meaningful HTML titles, delete useless metatags, and to make sure that the first couple lines of text of these static pages is clear and meaningful.

As a rule of thumb, your business needs, not your authoring software, should dictate your site design. Do not add special effects simply because you have the technical ability to do so. Do not add technical complexity unless it promises to benefit your company and your customers. Aim for simplicity, clarity, and utility, rather than graphic excitement. Then your pages will be less likely to be vulnerable to future viruses, and all your potential customers will be able to see your pages today the way you intended them to be seen. And, as a side effect, you could also make your site far more search-engine friendly.


Assessing Usability for People with Disabilities Through Remote Evaluation and Critical Incident Reporting

Mike Paciello, paciello@webable.com, Founder, WebABLE, www.webable.com

The key reason why most technology – current or emerging – is not suitable or usable by people with disabilities is simple – users/people with disabilities are rarely, if ever, integrated into the conceptual design of a product. In order to ensure the vision of a flexible, pervasive accessibility technology, researchers and usability specialists need to devise evaluation methods that easily and effectively engage people with disabilities in the processes of user interface design and usability testing.

This paper suggests that one solution involves the creation of a web-based, virtual usability testing center that employs remote evaluation and critical incident reporting methodologies.

The Facility

A virtual web usability center provides the accommodation mechanism required to devise remote evaluation and critical incident reporting protocols. A virtual center allows users with disabilities to be easily integrated in the user interface design phase of emerging telecommunications and information technology products.

Currently, industry and usability testing organizations are faced with the challenge of accommodating users with disabilities on several levels:

1. Providing physical test space
2. Ensuring that peripheral or interactive IT systems and interfaces are accessible to and for a variety of disability-related user scenarios
3. Developing relationships with the various communities of people with disabilities and their supporting organizations
4. Managing a reasonable and affordable budget

The advantage of setting up and establishing an accredited, non-profit virtual center for accessibility is that it resolves all of these questions AND provides a means to “lease” and/or “rent” the virtual space to electronic and information corporations interested OR mandated by law to implement accessibility in core products.

Testing Methodologies

Today, it is painfully obvious that the IT industry at-large lacks accessibility focus. Interestingly, the key to user interface accessibility is to focus on the principles of user centered design (UCD) – a design standard that encompasses holistic usability design methods. However, and in spite of the apparent focus on “usability for all users,” UCD case studies and testing methods themselves lack data or standards of measure that include people with disabilities. Much of this can be attributed to the reasons previously mentioned.
The ideal then is to broaden the scope of user inclusiveness by engaging users with disabilities through a variety of usability testing methods and iterative test cycles, including:

To achieve this goal, we must create a user environment that easily and effectively accommodates users with disabilities. Creating a web-based, virtual usability testing center could be an answer. There are several advantages to the employment of this facility. To list a few: The advantages of remote evaluations and critical incident reporting are also numerous: Additionally, remote evaluations and usability measurements can also be captured using unattended and network subjective usability testing methods, for example: Summary

To summarize, emerging IT lacks accessibility focus - we must build awareness. True user accessibility requires usability methodology based on user centered design that requires investment in all users, regardless of ability. This is the essence of user inclusiveness/integration.
Remote evaluation usability provides the framework for disabilities inclusion. Launching an international collaborative to create a virtual usability center for accessibility on the web is a potential means for ensuring accessibility of emerging electronic and information technology.
 


How to use content to attract traffic to your Web site, even when branding rules saddle you with a search-engine unfriendly design

by Richard Seltzer, seltzer@samizdat.com, www.samizdat.com

Quick Topic Document Review, where you can add your comments to the document itself and share them with other readers    http://www.quicktopic.com/9/D/vxwUfdC32nyR4.html



Typical problems
Metatags
Doorway pages
Do it right in the first place
Battling corporate branding rules
The mirror page workaround
Build a sitemap
Comparing doorway pages and mirror pages
Example of how mirror pages work
Explaining mirror pages to the branding police
Worst-case workaround

Content can drive traffic to a Web site by way of search engines. But many well-established and expensive sites are designed in such a way that search engines cannot see the text on their pages. In such cases, simply registering pages with search engines accomplishes nothing.

My approach is intended to make visible the content that you already have so search engine users who are interested in that content can find you -- and to accomplish that without affecting your current, branded site design.

First, let's take a closer look at the typical problems -- what kind of page designs get in the way.

Then let's look at the faulty solutions typically proposed by search optimization companies -- such as metatags and doorway pages.

Then let's look at the best and simplest solution.

Unfortunately, branding rules and politics may prevent you from solving the problem the simple way.

But there are workarounds that allow you to leave your corporate design as is and make your pages more visible to search engines without violating search engine rules.


Typical problems


Many sites present dynamic pages -- generating pages on-the-fly from databases. Such pages typically have a ? in the URL, which serves as a stop sign for search engine crawlers. These crawlers need to avoid being trapped at dynamic sites, which could generate huge number of pages, clogging search engine indexes with useless content.

Other sites use javascript in such a way that very little text is visible to search engine crawlers. Even the links to other pages at your site may be buried, so that if a crawler finds one page at your site, it can't follow a trail of links to discover the rest of your site.

Other sites use frames or tables, which while not blocking crawlers, wind up confusing search engine users. For instance, when a frames page is indexed, each window is indexed separately, so someone finding a match and clicking on it will be presented with that window alone, out of context. And when pages dependent on tables are indexed, the words are interpreted as appearing in sequential order, left to right, instead of associated by columns and rows. As a result, phrases get jumbled.

When companies realize that their pages are poorly represented or not at all represented in search engine indexes, they typically target the symptoms rather than the cause of the problem.  They'll set measurable goals that are irrelevant to their true business needs -- such as "ranking" for specific key words -- and then hire experts who try to trick search engines into delivering those the desired results. In the process, the "experts" may  break the rules that search engines have set up to try to keep their indexes truly useful, and thereby get the company's pages completely thrown out. In any case, the experts typically have their hands tied -- they are unable to add new useful content to the site and are unable to change the site's basic design. Hence they often propose adding metatags to existing poorly designed pages and/or creating doorway pages.


Metatags


There are two kinds of metatags that matter to search engines. The description metatag indicates the text that should appear in a search engine results list. The default is the first couple lines of text. If that text is nonsense -- random words that happen to be associated with graphics -- or if there is no plain static text at all, because of the way the pages are generated -- a description metatag might be useful, but it's just a band aid for a problem that you created for yourself with your page design.

Keep in mind that the two most important parts of a Web page for purposes of search engine ranking are the HTML title and the first couple lines of text. Yes, the description metatag can give you a coherent description in results lists, instead of gibberish; but the first lines of text still retain their priority for ranking. In general, search engine ranking algorithms pay little of no attention to metatags, mainly because they are very vulnerable to "spam". Search engine companies want to ensure as much as possible that what actually appears on the page is a good match for their users' queries; and they trust the actual static words on the page far more than anything that might appear in metatags. So a page that has no description metatag and has a good clear description in the first couple lines of text is likely to do better in ranking than a page with those very same words presented in a description metatag and little or no static text on the page itself.

The second kind of metatag is called "keyword", a term that confuses many people, leading them to think in terms of databases. Many presume that search engines index keywords, and hence that the keyword metatag is very important. In fact, only two of the major search engines, Inktomi and AltaVista, pay any attention at all to keyword metatags. And AltaVista gives plain text on a Web page higher priority than anything in keyword metatags, for purposes of ranking.

Today's search engines in fact index every word on every page. And many search engine users enter multi-word queries. So the more useful text you have on your pages, the more likely it is that searchers who want your kind of information will find you. Instead of spending time and money generating key word metatags, you should add more and more useful content to your site.

To get a concrete feel for how this works, try a high end web traffic analysis program, like WebTrends Log Analyzer. (You can download it for a 30-day free trial). Such a program will let you see how people come to your pages -- showing not only the volume of traffic from each of the major search engines, but also the queries that people used to find you. You are likely to be amazed at the variety and the detail of the queries. Very few people enter single word queries -- and those who do are not likely to be good prospects.

To get a sense of the typical behavior of search engine users, check stats generated for my site using WebTrends on one particular day in January. Go
to www.samizdat.com/jan25/jan25.htm In the left column, click on "Referrers and Keywords". Then click on "Top Search Engines", "Top Search Phrases", and
"Top Key Words". The key words are relatively useless, while the phrases are rich and informative.

Keywords only matter for advertising -- search engines will sell you ad space on pages generated when certain words appear in the query. But for actual searching, keywords are meaningless. Put your effort into generating more good content.

Also don't waste your time with key-word position checkers -- programs, like WebPosition Gold that tell you how your whole site or particular pages rank for particular queries. Such programs bang away repeatedly and automatically at search engines, adding an enormous load to those systems and hence slowing response time for actual users and forcing the search engines to invest more to keep performance at acceptable levels. While the results you get from such programs might make you look good to your boss, they mean little or nothing in terms of how much traffic your pages are likely to get by way of search engines. For traffic, you need content, and lots of it.


Doorway pages


Some search engine optimization companies will propose creating "doorway" pages for your site.

A doorway page consists of artificially generated content, designed to emphasize pre-selected keywords. The page itself is meaningless. Its sole
purpose is to fool search engines, with the objective of coming near the top of lists of matches when queries include those key words. In fact,
search engines strongly discourage that practice, and when they detect it, many will blacklist those pages and sometimes even all pages from the same
site -- kicking them out of the index.

You might think, "Why worry? There's more than a billion pages out there. How will anyone ever know?"  As was evident in presentation after presentation at a recent search engine conference in Boston, your competitors and the people hired by your competitors to design their sites watch what you do very carefully. They understand these techniques and how to spot them. And when they spot them, they blow the whistle -- loud. Search engine folks are inundated with alert messages about wrong doing, sent by competitors of the companies that are using those techniques.

Also, doorway pages typically reside on the servers of the "search optimization" companies that produce them. They automatically
redirect traffic to actual pages at the customer's site. That means that the customer receives more traffic, but to the search engine the traffic appears
as if it is going to the optimization company. So when the search engine calculates the "popularity" of pages for purposes of ranking, the customer
site gets none of that credit.

In other words, many people go to great lengths and great expense to try to fool search engines. But the risks are great -- not just annoyed search engine users, but your sites becoming blacklisted.

It is far less expensive and far more effective to write good, useful content and present it simply so it can be properly indexed.
 


Do it right in the first place


Since search engines index every word on every page they find, the more useful text you have at your site, the more likely your pages will be found by people who are interested in them. This is a random game -- the more content you have, the more dice you throw, so the more likely you'll win.

Focus on building content, not on trying to trick search engines.

Large pages are more valuable than short ones -- large in terms of text, not graphics. Graphics are useless for search engines.

For maximum effectiveness, you need plain static HTML pages (not ASP pages), without frames or tables or java applets.

The most important text should appear at the top of the page. In fact, the first couple of lines of text should make sense as a description of the page.

And the HTML title (not the file name, and not the headline that appears on the page) but rather the title in the HTML header should be carefully written to mention everything that is important about the page, in very few words. That title will appear in search engine results lists as the words that are linked to your page. And words that appear in HTML titles are typically given very high priority by search engines -- in other words if two pages match a given query and one of those pages has the query words in the HTML title, that is the page that will appear on top.

These static pages can have static graphic images (jpg or gif), if you like. Such images will not help you with search engines, but won't hurt you either -- so long as none of the text is embedded in images.
 


Battling corporate branding rules


In some cases, a simple text-heavy design goes counter to the aesthetic taste of the Web designers or management. More often, corporate branding rules get in the way.

Even at Digital Equipment, the company that invented the pioneering search engine AltaVista, corporate branding rules got in the way of making the company's pages findable by search engines.

Typically, the branding folks come up with a "template" based on what they have done in the past with their print brochures and without realizing they are costing the company traffic and hence revenue with such rules.

Branding rules, which are intended to present a consistent corporate visual image to the world, were often created before the Web or by people who had no real knowledge of how the Web works. Once in place, such rules can make it very difficult to do what is necessary to use content to attract traffic to a Web site by way of search engines. And bureaucracy often makes it very difficult to change such rules once they are in place.

Basically, there are two parallel design goals when building a Web site.

1) Design for the optimum user experience at the site, with a consistent look-and-feel that follows corporate branding standards.

2) Design for optimum traffic and revenue growth by making your content clearly visible to users of the major search engines.

Far too often, large companies put all their emphasis on the user experience at the site and forget the search engines which are necessary for getting people to the site in the first place.

Only people who find your site can appreciate the experience.

You need to take steps to draw more people to the site. But the design that optimizes the user experience will probably get in the way of search engines, and hence cost your traffic and business.


The mirror page workaround


If you have no chance of converting the branding and marketing folks from their current search-engine unfriendly site design, consider creating mirror pages.

This approach keeps your current branded design in place, but you can still take full advantage of your text content to attract more visitors and hence generate more business.

Brand plays an important role on the Web -- for existing customers and partners and for users who have found your site and want to navigate through it for further information.

But to attract new prospects using search engines, you need to take a different and parallel approach that emphasizes text.

Your mirror pages have the exact same text content as your standard pages, but they are presented in static HTML, with meaningful HTML titles and with the first couple lines of text written so they can serve as a description. They have no metatags. They have a minimum of graphics.

If the standard pages are very tiny -- forcing the visitor to look at a whole series of pages to read or print what is really a single document -- the mirror pages will consolidate that text (serving at the same time a "printer friendly" version).

Each of these pages has links to your main site, with an explanation that people should go there for the optimum experience -- with all the graphics and dynamic effects. But people who were looking for specific information and found this mirror page by way of a search engine will be quite happy because you have provided those people with exactly what they were looking for. There are no links from mirror pages to other mirror pages, and no links from standard pages to mirror pages.

Static HTML pages attract traffic by way of search engines and provide new visitors with the information they want, very efficiently.


Build a sitemap


Also create a sitemap page that consists of a hyperlinked list of all your mirror pages. You submit that sitemap page, not your home page to the search engines.

Search engine crawlers follow a trail of links to "discover" the content on the Web. If your pages today are not well represented in search engines, chances are good that you are using a technique that either halts crawlers (e.g., dynamic pages with question marks in the URLs) or that present links to other pages at your site using a technique that makes those links  invisible to crawlers, such as dropdown menus. By sending a crawler to a static HTML sitemap with links to every one of the search-engine-friendly pages at your site, you make it easy for that crawler to find all of your content.

Also, search engine crawlers typically stop after going several layers deep into a site (following 2-3 links in succession). (Last I heard, Lycos only
went one layer deep). If you have a sitemap with links to every mirror page, and if you submit that page, instead of your home page, to the major search
engines, you make it so every page at your site is just one layer deep.
 


Comparing doorway pages and mirror pages


Doorway pages are designed to fool search engines. Mirror pages are designed to make it easy for search engines to find and index your real content. The "key words" and "key phrases" that doorway pages focus on are of no real value. Search engines index every single word of every single page. And people who are looking for unique phrases that are matched on you pages are the very best prospects.  Your measure of success should be in terms of leads and sales, not in terms of "high rankings" for particular search words or hits or even visitors. People who are fooled into going to one of your pages by a phony doorway page and who don't see what they were looking for on the page they arrived at are worth nothing to you.

To put it another way, some schools prepare their students to pass a particular test; while others prepare them for success in the real world. Don't mistake the measurement for the reality. Don't be impressed by the "rankings" of competitors or by the "rankings" that search engine optimization companies claim they can deliver. Focus on your real business objectives. Don't try deceptive tricks. They backfire. Provide real content in a form that can be well-indexed and that is also immediately useful to your customers and prospects.

Your mirror pages have text and links to encourage visitors to go to your standard site. If those standard pages provide real benefit and you explain that benefit clearly, visitors should head there. Do not use automatic redirects and other cloaking mechanisms that take visitors to a page they didn't ask for That's "spam." Treat your visitors with respect, and abide by the sensible rules of search engines.

People arriving at mirror pages from search engines immediately see what they were looking for. Those arriving at doorway pages are automatically redirected to other pages where they typically do not find what they are looking for because the exact words of the query do not appear on the destination page.

You want to target search engine users who are actually looking for the content on your pages. The more pages you have with the full-text indexed,
the better your chances that those people with unique queries will find your pages.

Also, mirror pages reside on your site. Any traffic directed there by search engines counts toward the popularity of your pages and site when those search engines determine which pages should appear high on lists of matches.


Example of how mirror pages work

Remember that your goal is not "maximum positioning" for your pages with regard to particular keywords. Your goal is not just getting more pages into search engine indexes. It's a question of traffic and new business.

Also, don't expect immediate results. It may take months before your new mirror pages get into the search engine indexes. Search engines vary as to how frequently they crawl and update their indexes, ranging from about a week with AltaVista, to 6-8 weeks with many, and up to 3 months with some. And if you trigger spam alarms with doorway pages and other tricks, it could take years to untangle the mess.

For another example, check www.richardtosti.com, www.richardtosti.com/plain.html and www.richardtosti.com/sitemap.html; also www.medicalattys.com and www.medicalattys.com/rep/ (not really a sitemap, but a document that serves the same purpose). Also, compare my home page www.samizdat.com and my sitemap page www.samizdat.com/sitemap.html (the ultimate big, ugly, search-engine friendly page).


Explaining mirror pages to the branding police


There are no links from your full-blown pages to the mirror pages -- only links from the mirror pages back. Hence only people arriving by way of search engines or by bookmarks/favorites are likely to ever find these pages. But since the pages reside on your servers and provide your content directly, issues of branding could still arise. These pages have a text-heavy look and undoubtedly will not conform to your corporate branding rules.

You need to explain that these pages are not part of your site, rather they are an add-on, intended to draw traffic, and that the corporate rules should not apply here.

Think of search engine traffic like word-of-mouth referrals to your company. You brand your brochures and your advertising. But you wouldn't consider branding word-of-mouth marketing.

Instead of asking a friend, a Web user turns to a search engine and asks -- "where can I get information about xyz and pdq?" The search engine then provides a plain-text results list -- that includes no one's logos, no one's branding. And when users click on links in such lists, they expect to go straight to pages that have the kind of information they are looking for. This is very different from calling up a sales person and asking to receive a brochure or a spec sheet.

Explain the difference between optimizing the user experience and optimizing search engine results. Try to find ways to work together to generate new business for the company.
 


Worst-case workaround


What if you can't convince management to allow you to create mirror pages? Your pages are all dynamic with a ? in the URL, so crawlers come to a halt whenever they come to one of your pages, not following any trail of links. And your pages have no useful text is visible to search engine crawlers. Are you totally dead in the water?  Not necessarily.

In this worst case scenario,
1) Write useful informative HTML titles for each and every page (every one different)
2) Write description and keyword Metatags for each and every page (every one different, and without much repetition among HTML title, description Metatag, and keyword metatag).
3) Create a sitemap page -- a static HTML page that ignores branding rules: just a list of the HTML titles of all your pages with links (including the ?)
4) If branding rules prevent you from posting this sitemap page on your company's site, then post it anywhere else -- even on free Web hosting space.
5) Submit this sitemap page to the major search engines. They should eventually check every page linked to from that sitemap page. They won't be able to follow the links any further (the ? stopping them), but they should be able to capture the HTML title and, in some cases, the metatags -- so you could still end up with some information about all of your pages in the major search engine indexes.
6) Each HTML title and metatag should be no longer than 255 characters

But don't lose sight of the fact that if you are forced to proceed this way to help your company attract new prospects through search engines, your company has serious management problems. Keep kicking and screaming in hopes that eventually your message will be heard and the corporate rules change. And meanwhile, be sure to update your resume and post it on the Web.



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